06 MuddyWater

MuddyWater

Region
Middle East and Africa
Industries
Financial Services, 
Government, 
Healthcare, 
Logistics & Transportation, 
Science & Engineering, 
Software & IT
First seen
2017
Cybercrime
Intelligence gathering and cyberespionage
Heritage
Also known by the aliases TA450 and Seedworm
Categorizations
Nation-state adversary
Aliases
TEMP.Zagros, Seedworm, Static Kitten, SectorD02, TA450, Boggy Serpens, MERCURY, Mango Sandstorm, Earth Vetala, Mercury, Cobalt Ulster, ATK51, T-APT-14, Yellow Nix
About

MuddyWater is another hacker group of cyber spies. Believed to be a subset of Iran’s Ministry of Intelligence and Security (MOIS), these Masked Actors target government entities and various enterprises. MuddyWater made a mistake in 2019, allowing Group-IB experts to identify the threat actor’s real IP address — located in Tehran. Nevertheless, they’re still at large.

Victims

A range of government and private organizations across sectors, including finance, education, transport, government, military, IT, and healthcare. Typically, these victims are in the Middle East, Asia, and NATO-affiliated countries, with notable victims in Turkey, Afghanistan, Iraq, and Azerbaijan.

What we know about MuddyWater members

No known identities. Like OilRig above, MuddyWater is an APT group affiliated with the Iranian government.

Motivations
Cyber espionage, stealing intelligence that’s in Iran’s national interest via phishing campaigns.
Top 10 Masked Actors for 2025
RansomHub
#1
GoldFactory
#2
Lazarus
#3
DragonForce
#4
Oilrig
#5
MuddyWater
#6
Brain Cipher
#7
Boolka
#8
Ajina
#9
Team TNT
#10